In this blog, we address these questions and more while also highlighting Bloom Energy’s increasingly important role in accelerating heat capture technology use.

What Is Heat Capture?

Heat capture involves collecting and reusing heat that would otherwise be lost during industrial processes, energy generation, or even from the exhaust of vehicles. For example, when a power plant burns fuel to generate electricity, only about 40% of the energy is converted into usable electricity. The remaining 60% escapes as waste heat. Similarly, manufacturing plants often emit significant heat into the air or water during production.

By capturing this otherwise wasted energy and putting it to good use, industries can improve efficiency and reduce their reliance on carbon-emitting energy sources. The captured heat can be utilized for a wide variety of purposes – such as powering turbines, warming buildings, or even being converted into electricity using technologies like thermoelectric generators.

How Can Heat Capture Heat Up the Race to Net Zero?

Heat capture has immense potential to accelerate global decarbonization efforts. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), capturing and reusing industrial waste heat could offset up to 20% of global industrial energy demand. In carbon terms, this equates to avoiding hundreds of millions of tons of emissions annually.

The concept also aligns well with renewable energy adoption. For instance, some solar thermal plants already use waste heat capture to enhance efficiency. Coupled with renewable technologies, waste heat systems can further minimize the carbon footprint of energy-intensive processes.

Is Heat Capture Widely Used? The answer is surprisingly not yet – but times are changing.

Even despite its benefits, heat capture remains underutilized. Many industries are still unaware of the full potential of waste heat recovery, or they have concerns over upfront investment costs. In some regions, low-cost, affordable energy prices also deter companies from investing in more innovative efficiency measures.

Nonetheless, the potential for heat capture technology is enormous. A report by the Department of Energy (DOE) estimates that U.S. industries alone waste over 1,000 terawatt-hours (TWh) of energy annually in the form of heat—equivalent to about 15% of the country’s total energy consumption.

Globally, the numbers are even more staggering. According to an analysis by McKinsey & Company, a multinational strategy and management consulting firm, at least 3,100 thermal terawatt-hours (TWh_th) of feasible waste heat is currently not being captured.

However, emerging innovations are enhancing interest and increasing adoption of this promising technology.

New Factors Are Increasing Heat Capture Adoption

Recent developments in heat recovery technology have reduced costs and improved efficiency, significantly enhancing interest in its industrial use. For example, technological advances, such as Bloom Energy’s decision to integrate heat capture technology into its innovative Bloom Energy Server^®, have caused energy efficiency levels to skyrocket and enhanced the overall economics of the solution.

With a platform based on solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology, the Bloom Energy Server operates at temperatures above 800 ̊C, creating clean energy at one of the highest combined heat and power efficiency levels in the market today. By adding heat capture configuration capabilities into its servers, the total combined system efficiency can reach a lifetime average efficiency of >90%.

The Bloom Energy Server with Heat Capture is scalable with building blocks starting at 195 kW to multiple MW systems, custom-designed to fit any customer need. It can be installed at ground level or as a Power Tower with Heat Capture.

Other Leading Factors Fueling Heat Capture Use

1. Energy Crisis and Rising Costs
   Global energy price surges have highlighted the importance of energy efficiency. Heat capture offers a way to reduce dependence on external energy supplies, especially in regions grappling with volatile fuel markets.
2. Climate Policies and Net-Zero Commitments
   Governments worldwide are introducing stricter emissions regulations and incentives for green technologies. The European Union, for instance, promotes district heating systems that integrate waste heat recovery. Similarly, tax credits and grants in countries like the U.S. encourage industries to invest in energy efficiency measures.
3. Corporate Sustainability Goals
   With pressure mounting from stakeholders, investors, and consumers, many companies are adopting sustainability strategies. Heat capture aligns perfectly with these goals, helping businesses reduce their carbon footprint while saving on energy costs.

Innovative Heat Capture Benefits Across Mission-Critical Sectors

Data Centers: As digital infrastructure grows, the significant heat generated by servers can be captured for other purposes, such as warming nearby buildings.

Urban Heat Networks: District heating systems in cities can integrate waste heat from factories, power plants, or commercial buildings.

Transportation: Technologies to recover heat from vehicle engines or even trains can improve energy efficiency in the transportation sector.

The Path Forward Led by Heat Capture

In a world where every degree of efficiency matters, heat capture is more than just a technical fix—it’s a step toward a sustainable, low-carbon future. By embracing this underutilized energy source, the world can move closer to balancing the energy equation and achieving the ambitious goal of net-zero emissions.

Heat Capture FAQs

1. What Is Heat Capture?
   Heat capture involves reclaiming heat lost during industrial processes, energy production, and even vehicle operation. By recovering and repurposing this otherwise wasted energy, industries can boost efficiency and reduce dependence on carbon-emitting energy sources. The reclaimed heat can be used to heat or cool buildings, or even generate electricity through technologies like thermoelectric generators.
2. Is Heat Capture important in helping the world reach its net-zero goals?
   Heat capture holds significant promise for advancing global decarbonization. The International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that reusing industrial waste heat could meet up to 20% of the world’s industrial energy needs. This would prevent the release of hundreds of millions of tons of carbon emissions each year.
3. Is Heat Capture use growing?
   While currently under-utilized, recent developments in heat recovery technology have reduced costs and improved efficiency, significantly enhancing interest in its industrial use. For example, technological advances, such as Bloom Energy’s heat capture technology integrated with its innovative Bloom Energy Server, have caused energy efficiency levels to skyrocket and enhanced the overall economics of the solution.

The post How Heat Capture is Capturing the Race to Net Zero appeared first on Bloom Energy.

What is Net Zero Emissions?

Exploring the net zero emissions meaning reveals that it refers to the ambitious goal of balancing the amount of emissions released into the atmosphere with the amount removed. The concept is central to the global strategy for combating climate change, aiming to ensure that the total amount of emitted greenhouse gases does not exceed the amount that can be absorbed naturally or through technological means. The “net zero” target aims to create a sustainable cycle where our planet’s capacity to deal with carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other pollutants aligns with emission reduction, effectively neutralizing our impact on global warming.

The term “net zero emissions” is often used interchangeably with “net zero carbon emissions,” but there is a subtle distinction between the two. Net zero emissions encompass all types of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, among others. Each of these gases has a different impact on the atmosphere in terms of their greenhouse effect and how long they stay in the atmosphere. Therefore, achieving net zero emissions means addressing a broader spectrum of gases beyond just CO₂.

On the other hand, net zero carbon emissions specifically target carbon dioxide, the most significant and prevalent greenhouse gas produced by human activities, particularly from burning fossil fuels. Focusing on carbon dioxide is crucial because of its dominant role in driving climate change, but it’s important to remember that a holistic approach to tackling all greenhouse gas emissions is necessary to truly achieve net zero emissions. This comprehensive approach ensures that efforts to combat climate change address the full scope of gases contributing to global warming, thereby making a more significant impact on our planet’s health and future.

Why Does Net Zero Matter?

The pursuit of net zero emissions is not just an environmental goal; it’s a linchpin in the global strategy to combat climate change and ensure a sustainable future for all. Greenhouse gases, including CO₂ emissions, play a significant role in influencing global temperatures. When these gases are released into the atmosphere, they act like a blanket, trapping heat from the sun and warming the planet. This process, known as the greenhouse effect, is natural and necessary for life on Earth to exist. However, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have significantly increased the concentration of these gases, leading to an enhanced greenhouse effect and, consequently, global warming.

The impact of rising temperatures is far-reaching, affecting everything from ecosystems and wildlife to human health and economies. Extreme weather events, rising sea levels, and changing precipitation patterns are just a few of the consequences that threaten our way of life and the natural world. The urgency to act is underscored by the increasing frequency and severity of these events, signaling a clear warning that immediate and sustained efforts are needed to mitigate climate change.

Net zero emissions play a critical role in this effort by aiming to halt the increase in global temperatures. According to the Paris Agreement, achieving net zero is central to limiting global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels and maintaining it to 1.5 degrees Celsius. This target is not arbitrary; it represents a threshold beyond which the risks and impacts of climate change become significantly more severe and potentially irreversible.

The transition to net zero emissions requires a fundamental shift across all sectors of the economy, from energy production and transportation to agriculture and industry. It involves not only lowering emissions through energy efficiency and the adoption of green energy sources but also enhancing natural and technological processes that remove carbon from the atmosphere. Achieving net zero carbon emissions is a monumental challenge, but it is also an opportunity—an opportunity to innovate, create sustainable economic growth, and build a healthier, more resilient world for future generations.

How Can We Achieve Net Zero Emissions?

Achieving net zero emissions is a multifaceted challenge that requires a concerted effort across various sectors of the economy. It involves implementing strategies to reduce emissions, enhance efficiency, and manage and offset the remaining emissions. Bloom Energy’s technologies, particularly the Bloom Energy Server® and the Bloom Electrolyzer, exemplify how innovative solutions can play a pivotal role in transitioning to a sustainable energy future.

Reducing Emissions

The Bloom Energy Server is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) microgrid that converts natural gas or biogas into electricity through an electrochemical process rather than combustion. This innovative power generation system is inherently more efficient and produces fewer emissions compared to traditional fossil fuel-based power generation. By deploying the Bloom Energy Server, businesses and communities can significantly reduce their carbon footprint. The technology’s ability to operate on a variety of fuels, including renewable biogas, further enhances its role in reaching net zero by utilizing waste products and turning them into green energy.

Enhancing Energy Efficiency

Bloom Energy’s technology enhances efficiency through its innovative design and operation. The high efficiency of the Bloom Energy Server, for example, means that more electricity is generated from the same amount of fuel compared to conventional methods. This efficiency reduces the need for fuel and, consequently, the emissions associated with energy production. The ability to generate power onsite also eliminates the losses associated with electricity transmission over long distances, further increasing overall efficiency.

Managing and Offsetting Remaining Emissions

While Bloom Energy’s solutions significantly reduce emissions, the journey to net zero also involves managing and offsetting any remaining emissions. The Bloom Electrolyzer represents a key innovation in this area, producing green hydrogen through electrolysis. Hydrogen, as a clean energy carrier, can be used across various sectors, including transportation and industrial processes, to further reduce emissions. When powered by renewable energy sources, the Bloom Electrolyzer produces hydrogen with zero carbon emissions, offering a pathway to not only offset but potentially negate remaining emissions in sectors where direct electrification is challenging. This electrolyzer is touted as the most energy-efficient on the market, requiring up to 45% less electricity when integrated with external heat sources than traditional electrolyzers. It’s particularly beneficial for heavy industries, like steel and chemical manufacturing, enabling them to decarbonize their operations by utilizing excess heat for higher electrical efficiency in hydrogen production​​.

In 2022, Bloom Energy reported nearly 1 million tonnes of avoided carbon emissions from its business activities, equivalent to displacing 200,000 cars from U.S. roads for one year. This achievement is part of their ongoing efforts to provide decarbonization solutions across various applications, including microgrids, hydrogen, waste-to-energy, carbon capture, and marine applications. Bloom Energy’s efforts demonstrate a commitment to investing in growth and transformation through an expanding set of solutions and technologies aimed at building resilient communities and advancing towards a sustainable, net-zero future​​.

By focusing on the reduction of emissions through cleaner power generation, enhancing energy efficiency with advanced fuel cell technology, and enabling the offsetting of emissions through the production of green hydrogen, Bloom’s solutions embody a comprehensive response to the multifaceted challenge of achieving net zero emissions. Our continued innovation and expansion into renewable energy solutions position us as key players in the global effort to combat climate change and pave the way for a sustainable energy future.

The Role of Clean Energy Sources in Achieving Net Zero Emissions

Clean energy sources, such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal power, are pivotal in the global effort to achieve net zero carbon emissions. These sources produce electricity and power without emitting carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. By replacing fossil fuels, which are the primary source of carbon emissions, sustainable energy sources directly reduce the amount of carbon released into the atmosphere, thereby mitigating climate change.

The transition to green energy not only involves the adoption of renewable energy technologies but also the modernization of energy infrastructure to support the distribution and storage of sustainable energy. This includes the development of smart grids, energy storage solutions, and electric vehicle charging networks, which are essential for managing the intermittent nature of some renewable sources and ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply.

How green energy contributes to lowering emissions:

• Displacement of Fossil Fuels: By generating electricity from renewable sources, we can significantly reduce dependence on coal, oil, and natural gas, leading to a substantial decrease in emissions.
• Efficient Energy: Renewable energy technologies are often more efficient than traditional fossil fuel-based systems. For example, electric vehicles powered by clean electricity from the grid produce zero emissions at the point of use and are more efficient than combustion engine vehicles.
• Innovation and Technology Development: The push for alternative energy has spurred innovation in technology, leading to more efficient solar panels, wind turbines, and battery storage systems. These advancements make green energy more accessible, affordable, and efficient, accelerating its adoption and impact on reducing emissions.
• Economic Transformation: The global shift towards sustainable energy is driving economic transformation, creating jobs in renewable energy sectors, and encouraging businesses and consumers to adopt sustainable practices. This economic shift supports a broader move towards a low-carbon economy, further reducing GHG emissions.

Bloom is making significant strides in integrating renewable energy sources like solar and wind with advanced technologies such as carbon capture to reduce emissions, enhance efficiency, and support the global transition to net zero emissions. A key example of this integration is our collaboration with Heliogen, which combines Heliogen’s concentrated solar energy system with Bloom’s high-temperature electrolyzer to produce green hydrogen more efficiently. This synergy not only showcases the potential for low-cost green hydrogen production but also highlights how combining solar power with innovative electrolysis can significantly reduce the electricity needed for hydrogen production, making it a more economical and sustainable solution​​.

Bloom’s solid oxide electrolyzer is able to produce hydrogen 20-25% more efficiently than conventional lower-temperature electrolyzers. The installation of an electrolyzer at NASA’s Ames Research Center demonstrates the commercial readiness and efficiency of Bloom’s technology for large-scale, clean hydrogen production​​.

These efforts are part of a broader strategy to harness alternative energy sources for reducing CO₂ and GHG emissions. By focusing on innovations that enhance energy efficiency and lower the costs of clean hydrogen production, Bloom is contributing to the economic transformation towards a low-carbon economy. Such advancements not only drive the adoption of sustainable practices but also pave the way for industries and communities to achieve their net zero goals.

The Path Forward

The journey to net zero emissions is a complex but necessary undertaking. Achieving net zero requires a holistic approach, from increasing energy efficiencies and investing in clean energy technologies to enhancing carbon offsets and managing GHG emissions for a path grounded in sustainability.

Every individual, community, and nation has a part to play in this global effort. By adopting more sustainable practices, supporting renewable energy initiatives, and advocating for green policies, we can collectively contribute to the goal of net zero. Together, we can pave the way to a greener, cleaner world.

Interested in learning more about Bloom Energy and its net zero emissions solution? Read more here.

FAQs About Net Zero Emissions

1. What does net zero emissions mean?
   Net zero emissions refer to the balance between the amount of harmful gases emitted into the atmosphere and the amount removed from it. This balance is imperative for stabilizing global temperatures and combating climate change. Reaching net zero means that for every ton of greenhouse gas emitted, an equivalent amount must be absorbed from the atmosphere through natural processes like reforestation or through technological solutions such as carbon capture and storage. The goal is to ensure that human activities do not contribute to a net increase in atmospheric greenhouse gases, thereby mitigating global warming and its associated impacts.
2. What are the global impacts of achieving net zero emissions?
   Realizing net zero emissions has profound global impacts. Environmentally, it would significantly mitigate climate change, leading to fewer extreme weather events, less loss of biodiversity, and lower sea level rise. Economically, it can spur innovation, create green jobs, and lead to the development of sustainable industries. For public health, it means cleaner air, resulting in fewer respiratory diseases and improved overall health outcomes. Globally, achieving net zero is essential for ensuring a stable climate, protecting ecosystems, and supporting a sustainable future for all.
3. In what ways do Bloom Energy’s solutions exemplify the practical application of reducing emissions?
   Bloom’s solutions, including the Bloom Energy Server and the Bloom Electrolyzer, illustrate the practical application of reducing emissions by efficiently generating clean energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. The Bloom Energy Server uses solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology to convert natural gas, biogas, or hydrogen into electricity through an electrochemical process rather than combustion, resulting in lower carbon emissions. The Bloom Electrolyzer produces green hydrogen from water, using electricity generated from renewable sources, offering a clean alternative to hydrogen produced from fossil fuels. Together, these technologies demonstrate how innovative solutions can significantly contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, advancing the transition to a low-carbon economy, and moving closer to achieving net zero emissions on a global scale.
4. What is net zero emissions by 2050?
   “Net zero emissions by 2050” is a worldwide goal to balance greenhouse gases released with those removed from the atmosphere, essentially bringing emissions to a neutral level. This goal is critical to keeping the global temperature rise under 1.5°C to avoid serious climate risks. Achieving net zero requires energy innovations, improved efficiencies, and capturing any residual emissions through advanced technology and natural methods.Bloom Energy advances this goal with low-carbon power solutions, like solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), helping organizations work toward net-zero. Connect with Bloom Energy’s experts to discover a sustainable energy strategy for your organization.

The post What Does it Mean to Be “Net Zero Emissions”? appeared first on Bloom Energy.

Data centers have become essential over the past decade as hubs for everything from e-commerce to cloud-based services and storage. With the advent of AI, however, data centers have grown exponentially – there were 5,381 data centers as of March 2024 in the US, nearly half the world’s total, and 10 times as many as the next largest country, Germany.

And while data centers have become more efficient in their power usage since 2007, there’s been little improvement in the past five years. At the same time, they have grown far larger to meet the processing needs of AI models — the average data center today houses 100,000 servers, while Facebook parent Meta operates a 4.6 million square foot data center in Oregon.

Driven by the power demands of those servers – and the massive cooling systems they require – total energy demand in the US is expected to rise 15-20% in the next decade, according to DOE forecasts. By then, EPRI estimates that data centers could consume as much as 9% of all the electricity generated in the country. The scramble for that power is behind Microsoft’s announcement that it has purchased the mothballed Three Mile Island nuclear power plant, which it plans to restart to power its data centers.

All this is pushing the existing grid to – and even beyond – its design limits. EPRI notes that a single AI data center can use power equivalent to what would meet the needs of as many as 800,000 homes – one facility gobbling the same power as a city the size of San Jose. That demand is being made of a grid that’s already near the breaking point: Californians have become accustomed to enduring “rolling” blackouts when climate change-driven heatwaves crank up air conditioners, while Texans are still smarting from the blizzard-driven blackouts in 2021.

This potential has tech leaders greatly concerned. The CTO of Microsoft Azure said in a recent interview that the limits of the grid would cap the size of individual data centers, forcing companies to try to figure out how to link smaller ones together to replicate a larger center. That’s a complex problem that hasn’t been solved yet – and even those smaller data centers could still tax a grid that is years away from becoming more flexible and robust.

Without a solution, those AI data centers could well migrate offshore, undercutting the US lead in AI. So, the answer for data centers has to lie in another approach to meeting power demand. That’s where fuel cells can play a crucial role and why so many companies in the AI sector are choosing Bloom Energy.

With a delivery timeline of as little as 50 days, our fuel cells can be rapidly deployed at data centers as a baseline power source and used to supplement power from the grid. Crucially, they can enable data centers to operate as an “island” without a connection to the electric grid. That eliminates the need to locate data centers based on available grid power but instead lets companies site them based on other business considerations.

Bloom Energy’s fuel cells also help reduce emissions by using a highly efficient non-combustion process to generate cleaner, more resilient energy than conventional alternatives. This helps to address both the causes and consequences of climate change. Bloom Energy Servers offer deep decarbonization potential through their flexibility, including the ability to run on a variety of fuels, including renewable fuels like biogas and green hydrogen, and strong compatibility with carbon capture utilization and storage ecosystems.

With fuel flexibility that allows the Bloom Energy Server® to run on biogas or hydrogen, these fuel cells can provide zero emissions or carbon-neutral power, making them a cleaner choice and an efficient, sustainable alternative for data center onsite power generation.

Fuel cells uniquely address the energy demands of the AI sector – and are the key to unlocking the economic growth and benefits to society that come with it.

The post Powering AI Data Centers: Fuel Cells as the Future of Energy appeared first on Bloom Energy.

Bloom sees these donations as meaningful investments in our community. Dollars raised and contributed will support high-impact initiatives championed by these three beneficiary organizations. For the Delaware National Guard Youth Foundation, our investment will fund scholarships and educational programs for at-risk youth and support the ChalleNGe Program, which focuses on leadership development, job skills, and responsible citizenship. At Stop Soldier Suicide, our contribution will cover over 400 hours of clinical support for veterans and service members, with an emphasis on suicide-specific counseling, mental healthcare, and outreach programs connecting at-risk individuals with vital resources. For Food Bank Delaware, Bloom’s investment will fund over 40,000 meals for local families and initiatives like the Mobile Pantry and Backpack Program, which supply children with food during weekends and holidays when school meals are unavailable.

The post Bloom Energy’s 3rd Annual Stars & Strides Delaware 5K Raises $50,000 for Veterans and Military Families appeared first on Bloom Energy.

While individual actions can and should be taken today – like planting trees, participating in river cleanups, and volunteering with local environmental groups – it is also a day to focus on larger initiatives like climate policy solutions and innovative ways to power our homes, our workplaces, and our world with solutions that reduce emissions and combat climate change.

International Day of Climate Action: Make an Impact Now

Meeting rising power demands worldwide and accelerating the energy transition requires a combination of solutions through sources like solar and wind. Unfortunately, building renewable energy facilities and related infrastructure can take significant time – years or even decades. In the meantime, the world must take action NOW towards powering our communities in a more eco-friendly, sustainable manner.

Bloom Energy’s solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are solutions that don’t require us to wait; Bloom’s technology is a reliable and time-tested means of generating on-site power and can be deployed at scale quickly. Instead of waiting years to scale up, customers can have Bloom’s technology installed and operational in months or even weeks, and it can be integrated into existing sustainability efforts like carbon capture.

Bloom’s SOFCs are fuel agnostic, and they require no water consumption during normal operation, produce no smog-generating nitrous oxide (NOx) or sulfur oxides (SOx), and can replace heavy-emitting diesel generators that are often relied on for backup power in emergency situations. Given Bloom’s SOFCs fuel-agnostic nature, they can easily be fueled by hydrogen when available. With the hydrogen economy advancing rapidly, Bloom’s hydrogen-ready fuel cells are well-positioned to dramatically reduce greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate the global energy transition.

How Bloom’s SOFCs Can Help Take Positive Climate Action

While other forms of energy generation can be variable – the sun doesn’t always shine, and the wind doesn’t always blow – Bloom’s fuel cells provide resilient, always-on power for customers while reducing a facility’s carbon footprint and limiting environmental impacts in areas such as:

• Air quality: Bloom’s fuel cells not only have a lower carbon footprint compared to the grid but also dramatically reduce air pollutants that degrade overall air quality and contribute to global warming; Bloom’s Energy Server systems emit near-zero NOx and SOx, reducing emissions of these smog-forming pollutants by over 99%. In 2022, Bloom’s Energy Server systems reduced 99.8% of NOx versus the grid and 100% of SOx compared to the grid.
• Water usage: Bloom’s fuel cells do not use any water during normal operating conditions. In 2022, Bloom’s fuel cells avoided more than 4.7 billion gallons of water consumption and over 691 gallons of water withdrawal by grid electricity sources.

To meet ambitious emissions reduction goals and help decarbonize our world, we need solutions now that enable us to take action quickly. Our planet can’t wait, and neither can we. Bloom’s SOFCs are one key way stakeholders across economic sectors can take positive climate action that can immediately help mitigate the effects of global warming.

Meaningful Climate Action Today For A Brighter, Cleaner Tomorrow

On this International Day of Climate Action, those who make decisions about how to power our world can take meaningful action through the use of Bloom’s fuel cells. And as individuals, we should all commit to doing our part today to build a cleaner and more sustainable economy for the future.

To learn more about Bloom’s SOFCs, read more here.

The post International Day of Climate Action 2024: Building a More Sustainable Future Together appeared first on Bloom Energy.

As the world moves toward carbon-neutral energy, hydrogen is emerging as a solid solution in the alternative energy landscape. Hydrogen fuel cells are at the center of this transformation, with Bloom Energy’s solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology guiding the way.

In a recent podcast episode of Engineering.com’s “The Primary Loop,” Carl Cottuli, Head of Development Engineering at Bloom, shared insights into how hydrogen fuel cells are paving the way for the clean energy revolution.

What is the Hydrogen Economy?

The hydrogen economy refers to a vision of a future energy system that relies on hydrogen as a key energy source to decarbonize industries. Hydrogen is a clean fuel that produces electricity, with only water vapor as a byproduct when used in fuel cells. This positions hydrogen as a powerful solution for reducing carbon emissions and advancing decarbonization goals across sectors like transportation, power generation, and industrial applications.

How Do Hydrogen Fuel Cells Work?

At the core of the hydrogen economy is hydrogen fuel cell technology, which converts hydrogen into electricity through an electrochemical reaction. During the podcast, Cottuli explains that Bloom’s SOFCs flow hydrogen and oxygen across opposite surfaces, generating electricity and water in the process. This innovative technology scales up from small systems to multi-megawatt applications, making it a flexible solution for various industries—from industrial facilities to home-based energy systems.

By utilizing green hydrogen generated from renewable energy sources, Bloom’s SOFC technology further enhances the sustainability of hydrogen fuel cells. This contributes to both immediate decarbonization efforts and long-term environmental benefits.

One of the standout features of Bloom Energy’s SOFCs is their ability to harness waste heat for additional energy savings. As Carl discussed, the high operating temperatures of solid oxide fuel cells allow them to provide combined heat and power (CHP) solutions, significantly boosting energy efficiency for industrial users. This means industries can not only generate electricity using hydrogen but also capture the heat byproduct to support processes such as heating water or producing steam.

Hydrogen Fuel Cells: A Key to Sustainable Power

As we move toward a future where carbon-neutral energy is essential, hydrogen fuel cells are proving to be a scalable, sustainable solution. Industries that consume large amounts of electricity, like oil refineries and data centers, can benefit from this technology, reducing their environmental impacts while securing reliable energy.

In the Primary Loop episode, Cottuli highlighted how hydrogen fuel cells are already being integrated into high-demand applications such as electric vehicle (EV) charging stations. This demonstrates the potential for fuel cell energy to power everything from major industrial plants to critical EV infrastructure without overburdening the existing electrical grid.

Watch the Full Podcast To Learn More About SOFCs

For a deeper dive into hydrogen fuel cells and their role in shaping the hydrogen economy, watch Cottuli’s full interview on The Primary Loop podcast, hosted by Engineering.com. Learn how Bloom is driving innovation in clean energy with cutting-edge SOFC technology.

FAQ Section:

1. What are hydrogen fuel cells?
   Hydrogen fuel cell technology is a critical clean energy solution that generates electricity using hydrogen fuel through an electrochemical process involving hydrogen and oxygen. Bloom’s solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) technology can utilize hydrogen as a fuel source, producing electricity efficiently and with zero emissions, with water and heat as the only byproducts. The technology is scalable for various applications, aligning with global decarbonization goals. Bloom Energy leverages hydrogen fuel cells to promote sustainability, ensure energy reliability, and reduce dependence on fossil fuels.
2. What is the hydrogen economy?
   The hydrogen economy envisions a future where hydrogen is a primary energy source, reducing carbon emissions and helping to achieve global decarbonization goals. Bloom’s fuel cells provide a cost-effective, scalable solution that can utilize multiple fuel sources, including natural gas, biogas, and green hydrogen. This flexibility allows Bloom’s systems to serve as a bridge to net zero, delivering cleaner energy today while being fully future-proof for tomorrow’s hydrogen-ready infrastructure. By seamlessly transitioning to hydrogen when it becomes more readily available, Bloom’s fuel cells support both immediate sustainability goals and long-term decarbonization efforts, ensuring energy reliability for industries and businesses of all sizes.
3. What are the environmental impacts of hydrogen fuel cells?
   Hydrogen fuel cells have significant environmental benefits compared to traditional energy sources. When hydrogen is used as the fuel, the only byproducts are water and heat, producing zero harmful emissions. This makes them a clean energy solution that helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. Additionally, when paired with renewable hydrogen (green hydrogen), the environmental impact is even lower, supporting global efforts to achieve sustainability and decarbonization goals. Industries can minimize their carbon footprint by replacing fossil fuels with hydrogen fuel cells and contribute to a cleaner, healthier planet.

The post The Hydrogen Economy: How Solid-State Fuel Cells Are Driving Clean Power appeared first on Bloom Energy.

Whenever you prompt Chat GPT, scroll through social media, stream a movie on Netflix, or perform a quick Google search, you are relying on data centers.

As technology and new innovations continue to advance, AI data center capabilities are emerging and becoming more in demand to enable breakthroughs and handle the complex operations and optimizations needed for AI workloads.

What is an AI Data Center?

As we increase our reliance on artificial intelligence, AI-capable data centers house the critical infrastructure necessary to fuel the high-performance computing (HPC) needed to meet the surging demands of AI. With racks handling up to a staggering 50kW, these data centers use a significant amount of power to support AI operations. To address this power strain, AI-ready modern data centers are designed with liquid cooling systems that allow for higher-density deployments without overheating issues, which traditional data center air cooling systems struggle to manage.

Three Key Factors: Understanding AI Data Center Power Consumption

As we explore the core of an AI data center, it’s important to consider why AI uses so much power. What contributes to AI’s massive power consumption:

1. Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) clusters are fundamental to the operations as these specialized chips handle complex calculations at high speeds. However, their impressive processing capabilities come at the cost of significant energy usage. Each GPU, designed to accelerate computation, draws substantial amounts of power.
2. Densely packed servers are another key factor. To maximize computational power, AI data centers often house numerous servers within a limited space. This high-density arrangement, while efficient in terms of physical space, leads to increased heat generation. This high-density setup requires extensive cooling efforts to maintain optimal operating temperatures therefore increasing power consumption. Implementing advanced cooling technologies, while more efficient, still demands considerable energy to operate effectively.
3. Unlike traditional computing tasks that may incur downtime, AI processes run continuously. These perpetual operations ensure that AI models are constantly learning and processing data leading to high data center power requirements. However, this relentless requirement results in a nonstop drain on energy resources, as systems remain active around the clock.

How Does AI Enhance a Data Center?

While AI guzzles power, with the average Chat GPT question consuming 10 times as much power as a single Google search, it simultaneously offers innovative solutions to the very challenges it creates. AI is bringing substantial benefits to modern data center operations and aiding in creating more efficient operations.

Starting with AI’s ability to analyze temperature data in real time to predict heat patterns, it can automatically adjust cooling systems, ensuring they operate only when necessary, which leads to lower energy use and water consumption. This smart management of cooling resources significantly reduces the overall power footprint of the data center, enhancing data center energy efficiency.

Dynamic resource allocation further enhances energy efficiency by improving the Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of data centers. PUE is a key metric that measures the energy efficiency of a facility. AI dynamically adjusts server usage, storage, and network resources based on real-time demand, creating efficient handling of AI workloads. This means scaling up resources during peak times and down during low demand, ensuring that no energy is wasted on idle infrastructure. By optimizing these resources, AI helps achieve lower PUE values, indicating more efficient use of energy.

Energy source optimization is another crucial benefit. AI can prioritize renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power, seamlessly integrating them into the data center’s energy mix, a key aspect of machine learning for IT operations. This reduces reliance on fossil fuels and promotes a more sustainable operation. By optimizing energy sources, AI ensures that data centers can make the most of available green energy, thus lowering their carbon footprint.

Lastly, AI facilitates better integration with smart grids, allowing data centers to participate in demand response programs. This integration enables these facilities to adjust their energy consumption based on grid signals enhancing their use of alternative power sources and contributing to overall grid stability.

AI drives high power consumption but can also play a critical role in optimizing energy use, reducing waste, and promoting sustainability. By leveraging these capabilities, data centers can achieve a more balanced and efficient operational model.

The Future of AI Data Centers

As the demand for AI and data processing grows, the power consumption of data centers is placing unprecedented strain on the electrical grid, impacting the entire data center industry. According to the CBRE, data centers and data transmission networks account for nearly 2% of global electricity use, with some estimates suggesting this could rise to 9% by 2030​​​​. This surge in demand often outpaces the supply capabilities of traditional power grids, leading to challenges in maintaining a stable and reliable power supply.

The situation is exacerbated by the aging infrastructure of many power grids, which are struggling to meet the escalating energy needs of modern data centers. For instance, the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) reports that the grid in many parts of the United States is decades old and needs significant upgrades to handle increased loads​​. The time it takes to upgrade grid infrastructure can span several years, leaving data centers in a precarious position without sufficient power.

To address these challenges, data center developers and operators are increasingly turning to alternative energy sources. Renewable energy options like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are becoming vital components of the energy mix for data centers. However processes for implementing solar and wind can be lengthy. Advanced energy solutions such as fuel cells and microgrid systems can be deployed quickly to ensure a more stable and sustainable power supply.

In 2023, onsite power system failures accounted for 44% of data center outages, creating a serious concern. The Bloom Energy Server® offers a solution that provides reliable, sustainable, and resilient power. Built for the power needs of the digital economy, the Bloom Energy Server provides high power availability, mission-critical reliability, and the ability to operate independently of the grid.

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As a critical component of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC), domestic production of electrolyte materials marks a major advancement for South Korea’s energy sector. This achievement moves the country closer to establishing an independent SOFC market, reducing reliance on imports. By bridging key supply chain gaps, Bloom Energy is helping to enhance the technological competitiveness of South Korea’s fuel cell ecosystem and paving the way for the global expansion of its industry-leading Energy Server.

The milestone follows a historic agreement signed by the companies at the 2021 Korea Energy Expo. Three years later, they reconvened to celebrate the progress and the bright future ahead. In recognition of its support for this ongoing localization effort, KHNP presented Bloom Energy with a commemorative award. Korean companies that have significantly contributed to this initiative and its global reach also attended, further enriching the event.

What’s next for the South Korea fuel cell economy?

With domestic electrolyte materials production now established, the next crucial step is the successful processing of these materials for use in Bloom’s Energy Server. South Korean manufacturers are confident this final milestone will be reached by 2025. In the meantime, South Korean-produced electrolyte materials will begin to enter Bloom Energy’s supply chain throughout the remainder of 2024.

Attendees in front row starting with the 2nd person on the left: Hoon-jae Lee, CEO of KV Materials; Jeong-hoon Kim, Head of Solution BU at SK ecoplant; Sang-jo Yoon, Head of Green Business Division at KHNP; Satish Chitoori, COO of Bloom Energy; Se-jun Kim, Vice President of BloomSKfuelcell; and Kyung-soo Kim, Vice President of TNE Korea. Photo source: KHNP

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With the rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence and its integration into our daily lives, reliance on power grids has significantly increased. While this technology has improved efficiency and convenience,  it places heavy pressure on the grid, and in turn, the world is grappling with finding ways to ensure time-to-power delays are greatly reduced. The data centers powering AI require a minimum of three years to get up and running and are estimated to use up a staggering 9% of total electricity generated in the U.S. by 2030, almost one-third of the energy used by all homes and businesses in the country combined. AI is making doing tasks more trouble-free, but is also making consistent access to electricity troublesome.

In 2019 alone, California experienced 25,281 blackouts, a 23% increase from the year before. The reasons for this leap, outside of AI, are twofold: age and lack of infrastructure investments. Some U.S. power lines have not been updated or replaced for years, some close to 30-40 years. Hazardous weather conditions can permanently damage the power lines, going unnoticed until a power outage occurs. Hand in hand is the lack of investment. The government has a large budget for updating the grid, but only a fraction has been approved and put into use.

As climate change intensifies its effects on the planet and we move towards a more electricity-reliant future, power outages will become inevitable. The solution to this dire issue is to pivot to alternative primary power sources that are cleaner, more reliable, and more efficient to decrease the time it takes to power our planet.

Why the Grid is Failing: Capacity and Accessibility Issues

The U.S. power grid is struggling to meet demands as the population becomes more reliant on technology, and climate change is resulting in more extreme weather conditions. Unlike other parts of the world, the U.S. relies on three separate grids further broken down by regions. When a storm impacts a state like Texas, for example, it can only rely on its own region’s power grid, bouncing back a costly and even life-threatening endeavor. Businesses are also greatly impacted by planned and unplanned power outages, losing between $300,000 and $1 million every hour without power. Residents and businesses can no longer rely solely on the grid for power. To make electricity more accessible, pivoting to localized power generation would make for a more dependable solution. A hidden cost of using electricity from power plants is transmission fees. Energy consumers are burdened with paying billions each year in shipping and handling costs that could be eliminated through localized power.

What Are Hydrogen Fuel Cells and How Do They Work?

In simple terms, a hydrogen fuel cell is a technology that converts hydrogen into electricity. It does so using the three components of the fuel cell (anode, cathode, and electrolyte), which allow hydrogen gas and oxygen from the air to interact and create energy. Although this technology has been around for hundreds of years, its successful implementation is much more recent. Stacks of hydrogen fuel cells can now power entire buildings with minimal carbon emissions and maximum efficiency. In the future, a single stack may be able to power a small home cleanly.

Benefits of Hydrogen Fuel Cells in Renewable Energy Technologies

Hydrogen fuel cells are unique to many of today’s widely used power sources for a few reasons. One of the most significant advantages of utilizing fuel cells is the environmental benefits. These products only emit water vapor and heat, offering a zero-emission power source. Moreover, they are cost- and space-effective as they do not require much maintenance and take up minimal space compared to grid lines. With a rise in natural disasters due to climate change, having a decentralized power system is essential to keeping the lights on.  Renewable energy systems benefit rural communities by allowing them to store energy for extended periods and not depend on sparse power sources.

Looking forward to a more sustainable and reliable power future requires us to embrace hydrogen fuel cells. While efforts to “pause” and even reverse climate change have been put into place through legislation, adopting cleaner systems, like The Bloom Energy Server, will aid in creating more long-term solutions.

Time to Power FAQs

1. What is time to power?
   Time to Power is the time it takes for a new facility to receive the necessary power from the grid. This process can take months or even years, leading to delays in operations and increased costs for companies waiting to become fully operational. Such delays can be especially problematic for industries, such as data centers and facilities, such as hospitals, that rely on continuous and reliable power.
2. How do hydrogen fuel cells decrease the time to power?
   Hydrogen fuel cells provide decentralized, on-site power generation that can be deployed quickly, reducing the time it takes for a facility to become operational. Unlike traditional grid connections, which can take months or years, hydrogen fuel cells offer an immediate, reliable power source, ensuring continuous operation even during grid delays. This capability significantly shortens the time to power, especially in critical or remote locations.
3. What new renewable energy technologies are impacting time to power?
   Renewable energy technologies like solar, wind, and solid oxide fuel cells significantly reduce the time to power by providing faster, decentralized power solutions. These systems can be deployed faster than traditional grid connections, allowing facilities to start operations sooner while supporting sustainability goals.

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However, the critical operations of these data centers come at a cost—high energy consumption. As digital demands surge, so too does the power required to keep these data centers running efficiently and effectively. Recent analyses highlight a significant uptick in the energy requirements of data centers, raising concerns over their potential environmental impact due to increased electricity use and associated carbon emissions.

Recognizing these challenges, the industry has witnessed a shift towards more sustainable and energy-efficient practices. Innovations in green technology and a commitment to reducing carbon footprints have started shaping the future of data center operations. This blog post explores how green power solutions are not only feasible but also beneficial for data centers, ensuring they can meet future demands sustainably and responsibly.

The Current Landscape of Data Center Energy Consumption

Data centers are among the largest consumers of electrical power, with data center electricity consumption accelerating alongside advancements in technology, particularly AI workloads, and increasing online activity. According to a recent EPRI study, data centers could consume up to 9% of U.S. electricity generation by 2030, doubling the current use [1]. This is expected to rise as digital data creation and consumption continue to grow.

This significant energy use is not without its impacts. Data centers are pivotal in driving energy demand, which in turn has substantial environmental repercussions due to the associated carbon emissions. The conversation around data center energy consumption is complex, with a focus on the balance between operational efficiency and the environmental footprint.

Over the past decade, data centers have made considerable strides in improving energy efficiency through advanced designs, better management practices, and more effective cooling technologies. This decoupling of energy use from data growth signals a positive trend toward reducing the overall environmental impact per byte of data processed.

Defining Green Power in Data Centers

The quest for sustainability in data centers revolves around the concept of green power, which entails the use of energy sources that significantly reduce or eliminate carbon emissions associated with operational activities, but what exactly is green power?

What is Green Power?

Green power in the context of data centers refers to electricity generated from renewable energy sources that are naturally replenishing and environmentally friendly. This includes power from solar, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric sources. These energy sources contrast sharply with traditional fossil fuels, which are not only finite but also major contributors to carbon emissions and climate change.

Sources of Green Power

The integration of renewable energy into data center operations is increasingly being recognized as both a sustainable practice and a strategic advantage. According to a report by CBRE, major data centers are setting ambitious targets for renewable energy adoption, with some aiming for up to 100% renewable energy use by 2030 [2]. This shift towards green energy is driven by both environmental considerations and the economic benefits associated with renewables, such as lower operational costs and more predictable energy pricing over time.

Benefits of Green Power

The benefits of utilizing green power in data centers extend beyond just environmental impacts. Renewable energy sources can provide long-term cost savings compared to traditional power sources, which are subject to volatile fuel prices. Additionally, the use of renewables can enhance a data center’s public image, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers and businesses increasingly valuing sustainability in their service providers.

Technological Innovations Driving Energy Efficiency in Data Centers

Cooling is one of the most power-intensive needs in data centers, traditionally accounting for a significant portion of the total energy usage. However, recent innovations in cooling technology have begun to change this dynamic significantly. Advanced cooling methods, such as liquid cooling and evaporative cooling systems, are proving to be game changers, allowing for more direct and efficient heat removal from server components, significantly reducing the amount of energy required to maintain optimal operating temperatures.

The evolution of server technology has also contributed to greater energy efficiency in data centers. The shift from traditional spinning hard disk drives (HDDs) to solid-state drives (SSDs) is a notable development. SSDs are not only faster but also consume less power, generate less heat, and take up less space. This transition supports higher data processing speeds and energy savings, allowing for the consolidation of hardware and a reduction in overall data center power requirements.

AI is not just fueling the energy demand; it’s also fixing it. The integration of AI and machine learning (ML) into data center management, known as “smart infrastructure,” is enhancing energy efficiency. These energy technologies enable predictive maintenance and dynamic power management, optimizing energy use across the data center floor. AI algorithms analyze data from numerous sensors within the facility to predict equipment failures before they happen and adjust cooling and power systems in real time to match the actual demand.

Strategies for Maximizing Data Center Energy Efficiency

Two of the most effective strategies for reducing energy consumption in data centers are virtualization and server consolidation. Virtualization allows multiple server environments to operate on a single physical server, significantly reducing the physical server count and, consequently, the overall data center power requirements for power and cooling. Similarly, server consolidation involves combining workloads onto fewer but more efficient servers, maximizing utilization while minimizing energy waste.

These practices not only decrease energy consumption but also reduce the need for physical space, further lowering cooling demands. This dual reduction significantly enhances the overall energy efficiency of data centers.

Advanced power management tools and data center power distribution systems, along with Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM) systems play a crucial role in optimizing data center energy usage. These tools, working in tandem with AI, allow for real-time monitoring and management of energy consumption, helping to identify inefficiencies and areas for improvement. For example, DCIM systems can precisely adjust cooling systems and server power loads based on current demand rather than peak capacity, which significantly reduces unnecessary energy expenditure.

Furthermore, advanced power management tools can automate energy-saving practices, such as shutting down idle servers during periods of low demand and dynamically managing power distribution across the data center floor. This level of detailed control and automation not only cuts down on energy costs but also extends the lifespan of the hardware by reducing overheating risks, ensuring data center uninterruptible power, and operational strains.

A notable example of successful energy-efficient practices can be seen in major tech companies such as Amazon. Through its AWS (Amazon Web Services) Cloud infrastructure, Amazon has implemented server consolidation and virtualization to achieve significant energy efficiencies. According to their sustainability report, AWS is designed to be more energy efficient than the average enterprise data center by up to 3.6 times [3]. This substantial improvement in energy efficiency is attributed to Amazon’s continuous innovation in server utilization and advanced architectural designs that reduce energy consumption across their massive scale of operations.

These strategies, supported by real-world applications and innovative management systems, are not just theoretical solutions but practical actions that leading data centers around the world are currently adopting to optimize performance and sustainability.

Challenges and Solutions in Adopting Green Data Center Technologies

Transitioning to green technologies in data centers presents a myriad of challenges. However, with careful planning and the right strategies, these obstacles can be overcome to harness the benefits of sustainable energy practices.

The most significant challenges in adopting green technologies in data centers include high initial costs and infrastructural compatibility, especially in older facilities. Older data centers often require substantial retrofitting to accommodate new, energy-efficient systems, which can be both costly and disruptive. Additionally, the infrastructure of these older facilities might not be capable of supporting modern green technologies without significant modifications.

The initial investment required for transitioning to green technologies is considerable, covering the costs of new equipment, installation, and potential downtime. However, the long-term savings and ROI from reduced energy expenses and possibly lower maintenance costs can offset these upfront investments. While the upfront costs are high, the reduction in operational expenses due to energy savings can lead to substantial financial benefits over time. Many regions offer incentives such as tax breaks and grants for data centers that implement green technologies, which can further aid in mitigating the initial financial burden.

Adaptive strategies for older data centers include phased upgrades and modular technology implementations. By upgrading systems in phases, data centers can spread out the financial and operational impacts over time, making it more manageable and less disruptive. For instance, incorporating modular UPS systems, or modular cooling units that can be scaled as needed allows data centers to adapt without undergoing a complete overhaul.

Additionally, implementing virtualization and software-defined data center technologies can maximize the use of existing hardware and reduce the need for physical expansions, which further aids in reducing the energy footprint.

The potential of green power to revolutionize the data center industry cannot be understated. By adopting sustainable energy practices, data centers not only reduce their environmental footprint but also enhance operational efficiencies and cut down on long-term costs. While adopting green technologies in data centers presents financial and infrastructural challenges, strategic planning and phased implementation can effectively address these issues.

The future of data centers lies in continuous innovation and a steadfast commitment to sustainability, particularly in optimizing the data center power supply to meet growing energy demands responsibly. As technology advances, so must our approaches to energy efficiency and green power. The industry must keep pace with the latest developments in renewable energy sources and eco-friendly technologies, ensuring that data centers remain at the forefront of sustainability efforts.

Dive into how Bloom Energy’s fuel cell solutions can address your immediate energy needs. Our team of experts is ready to create a tailored solution built to fit your energy requirements. Together, let’s power a more sustainable and resilient future. Contact our fuel cell solutions experts to start your journey towards efficient and reliable energy management with Bloom Energy.

Data Center Power Supply FAQs

1. What is green power for data centers?
   Green power for data centers refers to electricity sourced from renewable energy technologies such as solar, wind, geothermal, and hydroelectric systems. Utilizing these energy sources reduces data center energy consumption and enhances the energy efficiency of these facilities, supporting sustainable data center design.

2. What are some effective strategies for improving energy efficiency in data centers?
   Effective strategies for improving data center energy efficiency include virtualization, which allows multiple software environments to run on a single server rack, and server consolidation, which reduces power consumption by combining workloads on fewer servers. Both strategies lead to significant efficiency gains in energy usage and enhance the overall energy efficiency of data centers.

3. What challenges do data centers face when transitioning to green technologies?
   The transition to green technologies poses challenges, such as high initial costs and the need for extensive upgrades in data center design to accommodate new cooling systems, storage drives, and backup generators. These changes are crucial for developing an energy-efficient data center but require strategic planning and phased implementation to manage energy consumption effectively.

[1] Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). EPRI Study: Data Centers Could Consume up to 9% of U.S. Electricity Generation by 2030. https://www.epri.com/reports/data-centers-electricity-usage.

[2] CBRE. Global Data Center Trends 2023. https://www.cbre.com/insights/reports/global-data-center-trends-2023.

[3] Amazon Web Services (AWS). AWS Sustainability. https://sustainability.aboutamazon.com/products-services/the-cloud.

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